Here's a list of some of the careers that math majors go into. I hope to (1) add a bunch of other careers (especially some careers that are less in-the-office-with-a-suit-and-a-calculator) and (2) add descriptions for every career on this list. As far as the jobs that already have descriptions, click on the name to see the description.
I actually just had an opportunity to find out more about Cryptology when I recently applied for a summer internship with the NSA. It's actually a really cool job. Cryptology is code-breaking. If you go into this field you'll probably be working for the (hopefully) U.S. Government. One of the reasons this is such an interesting field is that it's one of the few non-academic fields that require pure mathematics (meaning you won't be integrating math with other fields like computer science or business). According to my handy little NSA brochure I've got on my lap here, some of the skills required to be a cryptoanalyst are: algebra, number theory, combinatorics, statistics, and (obviously) cryptology. If you want to find out more about this field, you probably want to check out the NSA's website at www.nsa.gov.
Last updated: October 6, 1999